不同菜豆壳球孢菌株对芝麻茎秆和叶片的致病力

The Pathogenicity of Different Macrophomina phaseolina Strains to Stem and Leaf of Sesame

通过分析菜豆壳球孢在芝麻叶片和茎秆上的致病力,以及菜豆壳球孢在芝麻茎秆上产生菌核和分生孢子器的情况,明确不同芝麻种植区的菜豆壳球孢菌株的致病特性和产孢特性,为芝麻茎点枯病害的防治提供理论依据。以采自中国不同芝麻产区的8株菜豆壳球孢接种芝麻品种豫芝4号以及商水农家种,并对菜豆壳球孢在芝麻茎秆上的菌核和分生孢子器产生情况进行显微观察。结果表明,不同菜豆壳球孢菌株对芝麻叶片和茎秆的致病力有明显差异,其中2013-037、2013-006菌株在芝麻叶片和茎秆上均有较强的侵染力,其他菌株可侵染茎秆致病,在叶片上的致病力很弱。不同菌株在芝麻茎秆上产生菌核和分生孢子器的情况也不同,其中2013-006、2013-058、2014-034菌株产生菌核较多,2010-010、2010-028c菌株产生分生孢子器较多,2013-037、2010-028a菌株产生菌核和分生孢子器的量相当。8株菜豆壳球孢对芝麻叶片和茎秆的致病性及在茎秆上的产孢情况存在明显差异。

To define the characteristics of pathogenicity and sporulation of Macrophomina phaseolina collected from different sesame production areas,the pathogenicity of M.phaseolina on stems and leaves of sesame was analyzed and the production of sclerotia and pycnidia by M.phaseolina in stems was observed,which would provide the theoretical basis for control of sesame stem rot.The two sesame varieties,Yuzhi 4 and Shangshui Nongjia,were inoculated with eight strains of M.phaseolina collected from different sesame production areas.The production of sclerotia and pycnidia by M.phaseolina in stems was observed with microscope.The results showed that there was a significant difference in the pathogenicity of M.phaseolina on the sesame leaves and stems.The two stains of M.phaseolina,2013-037 and 2013-006,could infect both stems and leaves,while the other strains only infected stems.The production of sclerotia and pycnidia also had a significant difference in sesame stems.The strains 2013-006,2013-058 and 2014-034 mainly produced sclerotia;The strains 2010-010 and 2010-028c mainly produced pycnidia;The strains 2013-037 and 2010-028a produced the same level of sclerotia and pycnidia.In a word,the pathogenicity to stem and leaf and the sporulation on stem of eight M.phaseolina strains were significantly different.