我国青少年体育重点工程建设与创新发展对策

Major Projects and Innovative Development of Chinese Youth Sports

青少年体育在体育强国建设中属于战略性、基础性位置。研究系统梳理我国青少年体育后备人才、组织建设、经费投入等现状,从宏观层面对我国青少年体育进行顶层设计,剖析我国青少年体育的"幼儿体育基础工程、技能提升培育工程、青少年U系列赛事工程和拔尖人才培育工程"4大重点工程,认为其发展目标、政策背景、治理方式和治理内容都不同,且具有互融性、互补性、互通性特征,遵循"基础-普及-杠杆-引领"序列发挥作用,构建从幼儿发展为基础到以拔尖体育人才为精英的儿童青少年体育全贯穿式工程体系。在此背景下,我国青少年体育应创新发展,突破一元化培养渠道、培养方式和培养目标,制定青少年体育促进的法规政策,实现政社和政企的合作治理,实施青少年体育的跨域机制,构建青少年体育的监管模式。

Youth sports is a strategic and basic position in the construction of a strong sports country.This paper systematically analyzes the present situation of reserve talents,organization construction and fund investment of youth sports in China,carries on top-level design to the youth sports in China from the macroscopic level,and analyzes the"kids sports foundation project,sports skill promotion project,youth U-series competition project and elite youth sports project"in China.The four major projects,namely,the project of cultivating top-notch talents,have different development objectives,policy backgrounds,governance methods and governance contents,and have the characteristics of mutual integration,complementarities and interoperability.They also play a role in the development of youth sports following the sequence of foundation popularization leverage guidance,from the basis of kid’s sports development to the essence of elite youth sports.In this context,China's youth sports should innovate and develop,and break through the unified training channels,training methods and training objectives,which should build a diversified youth governance subject,release the value of popularization and elite training,formulate youth sports laws and policies,realize the cooperative governance between government and enterprises,implement the cross-domain mechanism of youth sports and construct the supervision mode of youth sports.