博物馆馆藏屏风纸张的制作工艺及特征分析

Study on the Manufacture Process and Characteristics of the Ancient Screen Paper Collected in the Museum

本研究采用纤维测量仪、扫描电子显微镜能谱仪及偏光显微镜对我国甘肃省泾川县博物馆馆藏清代草帖行书、清代工笔人物故事纸质屏风的纸张原料和制作工艺进行了分析。结果表明,清代草帖行书屏风纸张原料为竹浆,清代工笔人物故事屏风纸张原料为麻浆,两者皆有经过涂布处理。结合实验结果对屏风类纸张特征进行了讨论,此项研究不仅对清代纸质屏风纸张的特征探究具有参考价值,而且为文物本身修复用纸的选择及博物馆文物资料的补充提供了可靠资料。

Screen is the traditional furniture in ancient China,has a long cultural deposits and history,it was limited to the palace noble use before sui and Tang dynasties,then gradually it was used in private homes of civilians.Screen material was various and jade,coloured glaze,mica,calligraphy and painting was dominated.It usually was placed at the indoor to play the roles of screen windshield,partition space,decoration.In this paper,the paper raw materials and production technology of Qing dynasty cursive script and Qing dynasty fine brushwork character story paper screen collected in the Jingchuan county museum were studied by fiber microscopic analysis,scanning electron microscope energy spectrum analysis and polarizing microscope analysis.The experimental results showed that bamboo pulp was used as the raw material for screen paper of cursive script in Qing dynasty,and hemp pulp was used as the raw material for screen paper of character story in fine brushwork.Both of them were coated and filled,but the fillers used were different.Based on the experimental results,the characteristics of screen paper were discussed.The parpose of this study not only characteristize the screen paper in Qing dynasty,but also provided reliable information for the selection of paper for the restoration of cultural relics and the supplement of museum cultural relics.