西安市汉长安城遗址直城门大街试掘简报

The Trial Excavation of the Zhicheng Gate Street of the Chang'an City Site of the Han Dynasty in Xi'an

汉长安城直城门大街为东西向,西起西城墙中段的直城门,向东先后与横门大街、厨城门大街和安门大街相交,是进出西部城门、连通长安城西郊的重要通道。经勘探,直城门大街从直城门至安门大街十字长约2900米,其间道路最大宽62米[1]。为进一步了解该大街的宽度、路面结构及使用沿革情况,受西安市汉长安城遗址保管所的委托,在考古勘探的基础上,中国社会科学院考古研究所汉长安城工作队选择在西距直城门约990.7米处、今西安市未央区未央宫街道办事处小刘寨村北进行试掘(图一),布93.5米×2米的南北向探沟(T1)一条,面积为187平方米(图二)。试掘工作从2009年3月6日至4月16日。下面简要报道此次试掘的情况。

The Zhicheng Gate Street was an east-west oriented street running through the entire Han Chang'an City.In 2009,trial sectioning was conducted to this street,which revealed six road surfaces from the late Warring-States Period to the Tang Dynasty,as well as water ditches,ash pits,burials and other features.The road surface built in the early to mid Western Han Dynasty was a three-lane road surface,and that of the other times were all one-lane ones.The width of the Zhicheng Gate Street in the early Western Han Dynasty was roughly the same as that of the Zhicheng Gate,and in the mid Western Han Dynasty,it was further widened.On the north and south sides of the road surface of the early and mid Western Han Dynasty,drainage ditches were found,which were linking to the drainage culverts below the Zhicheng Gate,but the three lanes of the Zhicheng Gate Street were not separated by ditches.