近10a京津冀地区生态服务功能变化

Change of Ecological Service in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in Recent 10 Years

[目的]分析近年京津冀地区生态服务功能变化,为规划实施差异化生态修复和保育工程,建立生态补偿机制提供参考。[方法]以土地覆被变化为切入点,采用土地覆被转移矩阵分析、主导程度分析、叠合度分析等方法研究2005—2015年京津冀地区土地覆被变化情况,并分析研究区生态服务价值变化及其主导因素。[结果](1)2015年京津冀地区生态服务总价值相较2005年有所提升,生态环境明显改善。(2)生态服务高值区集中分布在林草集中的燕山—太行山生态涵养区和湿地水体相对集中的海岸海域生态防护区,它们是京津冀地区生态服务功能主要供给区。(3)生态服务功能变化的主导土地覆被转换类型为:草地转变为林地、耕地转变为林地、耕地转变为草地,主导因素为生态政策因素。[结论]2005—2015年京津冀地区生态环境质量呈改善趋势。

[Objective]To study the changes of ecosystem services in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in recent years,in order to provide suggestions for developing projects of ecological restoration and conservation and designing ecological compensation mechanisms.[Methods]Changes of land coverage were recorded and analyzed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during 2005-2015 using land cover transfer matrix analysis,leading level analysis and coverage degree analysis.The ecological service change and its driving factors were analyzed.[Results]①In 2015,the ecological service increased compared with that in 2005,and the ecological environment was improved significantly.②The regions with high ecological services values were mainly distributed in Yanshan-Taihangshan ecological conservation area(mainly trees and grass)and coastal ecological protection area(mainly wetland and water).Consequently,these areas were identified as the main ecological service supply areas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.③The dominant types of land cover conversion were(causing changes in ecosystem services)from grass land to forest lands,from arable land to forest lands,and from arable land to grass lands.The major driving factor was the ecological policy.[Conclusion]The quality of the ecological environment is gradually improving in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during 2005-2015.