西天山野果林小檗群落特征及物种多样性

Characteristics and Species Diversity of Berberis Community in Wild Fruit Forest of West Tianshan Mountain

[目的]调查西天山野果林小檗群落基本生态特征,为其资源保护、可持续利用和种群修复提供科学理论依据。[方法]选择典型小檗群落随机布置临时样地对其物种组成、垂直结构、种群径级结构及物种多样性进行调查,揭示小檗群落物种组成、群落结构、种群更新等方面的特点。[结果]西天山野果林小檗群落调查样地中共有种子植物19科,47属,50种,其中92.00%为双子叶植物,群落在垂直结构上可分为3层:乔木层、灌木层和草本层;灌木层小檗的重要值为196.25%,群落内各层物种多样性复杂程度总体表现为:草本层>乔木层>灌木层。该群落中小檗成年个体明显多于幼苗、幼树和老年个体。[结论]西天山野果林小檗群落植物区系温带属性较明显,小檗为群落的单优种与建群种。小檗种群的维持依赖于中龄个体,幼树较少,种群年龄结构呈纺锤状,属衰退型种群。

[Objective]To study the basic ecological characteristics of the Berberis community in order to provide a basis for resource conservation,sustainable use and population restoration in the wild fruit forest of West Tianshan Mountain.[Methods]The typical Berberis community was randomly selected to investigate their species composition,vertical structure,population diameter structure and species diversity.[Results]There were 50 species belonging to 19 families and 47 genera in the Berberis community,of which,92.00%were dicotyledons.The vertical structure of the community could be divided into three layers:tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer.The importance value of Berberis in the shrub layer was 196.25%.The complexity of species diversity in all layers was showed as:Herb layer>arbor layer>shrub layer.The population of adult Berberis in the community was significantly more than the seedlings,saplings and elderly individuals.[Conclusion]According to the subordinate distribution area,the temperate properties of Berberis community in this area are obvious,and Berberis is the single superior species of the constructive species of the community.The maintenance of the Berberis population depends on middle-aged individuals.The age structure of the Berberis population is spindle-shaped and belong to declining population.