人称指示语的投射——语义理解及语用阐释

Personal Deictic Projection--Semantic Understanding and Pragmatic Interpretation

自我中心性是指示语的基本特征之一。一般情况下,话语的指示中心在言语主体,即说话人身上。但在有些情况下,指示中心被转移到了听话人或者其他人身上,这种现象被称为指示投射。人称指示语的投射就是说话人在自指或他指时,不是以自我为中心,而是站在听话人或旁听人的立场说话。人称指示语的投射可分为规约性指示投射和非规约性指示投射。指示中心的转移是"心理转移",也是"视点转移",对于建立和调节人际关系、标记和凸显人际亲密程度、呈现个人性格特征,进而影响交际效果等方面具有重要的语用功能。

Egocentricity is one of the basic features of deixis.Under normal circumstances,the deictic center of speech is on the speech subject,namely the speaker.But in some cases,the deictic center is transferred to the receiver or someone else,which is called deictic projection.The projection of personal deixis is that when the speaker refers to others or refers to himself,he is not to be self-centered,but stands in the position of the hearer or the listener.Personal deictic projection can be divided into conventional and non-conventional deictic projection.Transfer of instruction center is a"psychological shift"and"viewpoint shift",which has important pragmatic functions.It helps to establish and regulate interpersonal relationships,mark and highlight interpersonal intimacy,present the personal characters,thereby influence the communicative effect.