确山黑猪种质资源的亲缘关系研究

Genetic Relationship in Germplasm Resources of Queshan Black Pigs

基于线粒体DNA的D-loop区段的多态性,通过与主流商业猪种杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪,以及邻近地区的淮南黑猪、南阳黑猪、豫西黑猪、二花脸猪、莱芜猪相比较,探讨确山黑猪现存38头公猪个体的亲缘关系。结果表明,与参考序列(NC_000845.1NCBI)相比,确山公猪存在17个单核苷酸位点变异,转换数(si)与颠换数(sv)的比值(R)为10,碱基替换尚未饱和。确山黑猪共有9种单倍型,聚为7个分支,其中,Hap 1为优势单倍型,存在于21个个体中。同时,提示确山黑猪品种内存在母系血缘分离,但与临近地区猪种相比,则相对集中。河南地方猪种南阳黑猪与Hap1相同。河南地方猪种淮南黑猪及豫西黑猪和Hap4相同。确山黑猪关系整体与中国地方猪较近,与西方商业猪种关系较远。相对于莱芜黑猪,确山黑猪与二花脸关系稍近;相对于杜洛克猪和长白猪,确山黑猪与大白猪关系稍近。

The study is to explore the genetic relationship among the current 38 Queshan Black pigs and main current pigs including Duroc,Landrace and Yorkshire pigs,and Chinese indigenous pig breeds in the vicinity containing Huainan Black,Nanyang Black,Yuxi Black,Erhualian and Laiwu Black pigs based on the polymorphism of mitochondrial D loop region.The results show that there are 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms in Queshan Black boars,compared with the reference sequence(NC_000845.1 NCBI).The ratio(R)of the number of transitions(si)to the number of transversions(sv)is 10,which means that the base substitutions are unsaturated.The results show that there were 9 haplotypes in Queshan Black pigs,which finally clustered into 7 branches,suggesting that maternal pedigree segregation is present in Queshan Black pigs.Among them,Hap 1 is a dominant haplotype and it exists in 21 individuals.Nanyang Black pig,one of the Henan indigenous breeds,shares Hap1 with Queshan Black pigs while the other Henan indigenous breeds,Huainan Black pig and Yuxi Black pig share Hap 4 with Queshan Black pigs.Queshan Black pig is holistically close to indigenous pig,but far away from western commercial pigs.Compared with Laiwu Black pig,the relationship between Queshan Black pigs and Erhualian pig is closer.Comparing with Duroc and Landrace pigs,Queshan Black pig has a slightly closer relationship with Yorkshire pigs.