小腿长度与椅高差导致脊柱问题的个性化干预方法

Individualized intervention of spine problems caused by difference between calf and chair height

目的设计适合小腿长度与椅高差导致脊柱问题的不同身高者的核心稳定性训练方案。方法选取2013年9月至2015年7月广东药科大学2013级康复治疗学32例在校学生为研究对象,男、女各16例,其中身高150～160 cm的研究对象16例,纳入短腿组,再根据随机区组设计分为A、B两组,每组8例,身高170～180 cm的研究对象16例,纳入长腿组,再根据随机区组设计分为C、D两组,每组8例。对所有受试者进行坐姿矫正,指导受试者进行核心稳定性训练,A组练习短腿静力性核心稳定训练操,B组练习短腿动力性核心稳定训练操,C组练习长腿静力性核心稳定训练操,D组练习长腿动力性核心稳定训练操,持续练习10周。10周后利用PC708站立平衡功能评估系统检测受试者重心移动轨迹总长度、轨迹图面积,进行组内、组间比较。结果干预后,A、B、C、D 4组轨迹总长度值均减小,差异有统计学意义(均P <0. 05); B、C两组轨迹图面积均较干预前减小,差异有统计学意义(均P <0. 05); A、D两组轨迹图面积与干预前比较,差异无统计学意义(均P> 0. 05)。结论在坐姿矫正的基础上,动力性核心稳定性训练有助于小腿长度较坐椅高度稍短者改善核心稳定性问题,静力性核心稳定性训练有助于小腿长度较坐椅高度长者改善核心稳定性问题。

Objective To design suitable core stability training programs for people of different heights with spine problems caused by difference between leg and chair height.Methods Thirty-two students majoring in Rehabilitation Therapy in Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from September of 2013 to July of 2015 were selected as subjects,including 16 males and 16 females.Sixteen subjects with a height of 150-160 cm were included in the short-leg group,and then divided into group A and B according to randomized block design,8 subjects in each group.Sixteen subjects with a height of 170-180 cm were included in the long-leg group,and divided into group C and D according to randomized block design,8 subjects in each group.All subjects received posture correction and core stability training.Group A did short-leg static core stability exercises,group B did short-leg dynamic core stability exercises,group C did long-legged static core stability exercises,and group D did long-leg dynamic core stability exercises.The exercises lasted for 10 weeks.After 10 weeks,the PC708 standing balance function evaluation system was used to detect the subjects’total length of movement of center of gravity and the area of trajectory map.Results After the intervention,the total length of movement of center of gravity in group A,B,C,and D all decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The trajectory map area of group B and C was smaller than that before the intervention(both P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the areas of the trajectory map before and after the intervention in group A and D(both P>0.05).Conclusion On the basis of sitting posture correction,the dynamic core stability exercises could help to solve the core stability problem when calf length is shorter than the seat height,and the static core stability exercises could help to solve the core stability problem when calf length is longer than the seat height.