从保护遗传学到保护基因组学

From conservation genetics to conservation genomics

遗传标记作为保护生物学的重要分析工具,其变革直接促进了保护遗传学到保护基因组学的发展.笔者基于从保护遗传学到保护基因组学发展的历程、成就和局限,总结了保护基因组学的分析策略和优势,并揭示了保护基因组学出现的必然性.同时,从系统发育和种群遗传结构、种群历史动态、生境适应性几方面,并结合具体的保护基因组学研究实例,探讨保护基因组学方法在濒危物种多样性保护方面的可行性,从而为保护基因组学在未来保护研究中的应用提供参考.

Genetic markers are the important analytical tools in the conservation biology.The development of genetic markers has directly led the conservation genetics transit to conservation genomics.This review summarizes the achievements and limitations of conservation genetics,and further reveals the inevitability of conservation genomics by discussing its analytical strategies and advantages.In addition,we present case researches to prove that studies of phylogenetics and population structure,demography and local adaptation of endangered species can greatly benefit from genome-scaled level data.These recent developments have demonstrated the feasibility of conservation genomics used in the conservation of species diversity and suggested more applications in future research.