大城市灰色群体的空间生产与空间管制——基于广州摩的司机的地缘政治学视角

Spatial Production andRegulation on Grey Groups in Chinese Large Cities:A Geo-political Perspective on Illegal Motor Drivers in Guangzhou

空间生产与空间冲突是国外社会地理学最重要的研究视角之一。本文以广州摩的行业为例,借鉴国外社会地理学先进理论——政治经济学的城市化解释体系、空间生产理论、城市增长联盟及城市政体等理论,对广州越秀区矿泉街道的YT、BZ、HQ和SYN四社区开展问卷调查与深度访谈。首先,对禁摩后的广州摩的司机的人口及时空间特征进行考察分析,发现从业人口年轻化、女性化态势加剧,基于户籍的分异特征异常显著,兼业性特征明显,社会资本在全过程起重要作用。其次,重点剖析摩的司机空间生产的过程与逻辑,揭示出后金融危机时代流动人口从正规就业向非正规就业转换的可能性,自上而下的经营性循环圈的形成以及自下而上层面的空间适变性策略。最后,从空间冲突与管制视角对围绕摩的行业的权力政治结构的建构与解构进行深入分析,发现转型期中国灰色行业的管制联盟及反管制联盟已经出现。

Spatial production and conflict are two important perspectives in western social geography.This paper takes Guangzhou motorcycle industry as an example,and draws on the experience of foreign advanced theory of social geography-urbanization interpretation system,space production theory,city growth alliance and the city regime theory.Questionnaire survey and depth interviews were taken in four communities(YT、BZ、HQ and SYN)in YueXiu District,Guangzhou.Firstly,based on the analysis of demographic and time-spatial characteristics of illegal motor drivers in Guangzhou,the author found that much younger and female drivers had joined this group with the following characteristics:distinctive segmentation based on household places,protean employment structure and social capital plays an important role in the whole process.Secondly,the analysis of the process and space production of motor drivers reveals the floating population's transformation possibility from formal to informal employment in the post financial crisis era,which formed the business circle of top-down and bottom-up level adaptation strategy space.Lastly,from spatial conflict and control perspectives,the analysis of political power structure on the motorcycle industry has found that regulation and anti-regulation alliances in the grey industry of China have emerged during the transition period.