新数据环境下天津宜居城市规划总体框架研究

Study on the General Framework of Livable City Planning in Tianjin under the New Data Environment

当前,天津在宜居城市建设过程中面临着产城分离、公共资源供给与需求失衡、城市居住生活空间品质不高等关键问题。而新数据环境下,数据革命带来的实时性、动态性及共享性,为天津宜居城市规划研究迎来新的契机。通过对新数据环境下宜居城市规划研究的回顾与展望,分析不足之处并归纳可能的发展方向,以大数据为技术支撑,从宏观、中观、微观构建天津宜居城市规划的总体框架:宏观层面以职住平衡为理论依据,建立城市空间结构优化的目标与方法体系;中观层面以个体时空可达性公平为切入点,通过建立综合多标准模型,研究城市公共资源多尺度、多类型的整合布局方法;微观层面研究基于引导居住空间社会网络和居民邻里关系重构的宜居住区生活圈规划的关键技术体系。最后,建议建立城市数据共享平台和相应的政策保障机制,以指导天津宜居城市的建设实践。

Currently,Tianjin is facing key problems in the construction of livable cities,such as the separation of employment and residential locations,the imbalance of supply and demand of public resources,and the low-quality living space environment.In the new data environment,the real-time,dynamic,and sharing features of the data revolution have brought a new opportunity for the study of livable city planning in Tianjin.By systematically reviewing the related researches of livable city planning in the new data environment,analyzing the deficiencies,and summarizing the possible development direction in the future,this paper uses big data as the technical support and develops the general framework of Tianjin’s livable city planning from macro,meso,and micro perspectives under the new data environment.On the macro level,based on the theory of job-housing balance,the paper establishes the goal and method system of urban spatial structure optimization.On the meso level,based on the fairness of individual spatio-temporal accessibility,it establishes a comprehensive multi-standard model,and studies the multi-scale and multi-type integrated layout method of public resources.On the micro level,based on the reconfiguration of the social network of living space and residents’neighborhood relationship,it establishes the key technical system of living circle planning.Finally,it proposes to establish a data sharing platform and corresponding policy support mechanism,to guide the construction of Tianjin livable city.