构式化视域下英语作格动词的致使交替

A Constructionalization Analysis of Causative Alternation of Ergative Verbs

论述了构式语法与构式化理论在自下而上、基于使用的语言观下的异质特征与历时演变,以及作格动词可出现于及物致使构式与不及物作格式构式中,该致使交替现象长期受到生成语言学家的关注。研究了致使交替独特的句法现象。认为动词不同的致使交替程度在于语义原则与对应原则下构式对词汇的压制及语义限制。从及物致使构式到不及物作格构式的演化实质是构式形义新分析、重新范畴化及选择相异侧显的过程。

Ergative verbs can be used in transitive causative and intransitive ergative constructions.Construction Grammar and Constructionalization through a down-top and usage-based approach explore special characters and diachronic development of construction.This causative alternation has long been a focus of generative linguistics.The special syntactic features of causative alternation are studied.Conclusions are that different degrees of causative alternation result from construction coercion and semantic limitation to verbs according to the semantic coherent principle and the correspondence principle.Constructionalization from transitive causative to intransitive ergative constructions in essence is a process of new analysis both in form and meaning,recategorization and profile-reselection.