两自由度汽车悬架系统振动的理论与实验验证

Theoretical and Experimental Verification of Automotive Suspension System Vibration in Two Degree of Freedom

将汽车悬架系统看成是一个两自由度的质量-弹簧-阻尼振动系统,采用复数向量法获得了车体和轮胎振动的解析解,以及振动系统的一阶和二阶振动模态的频率。在建立的实验模型上,采用锤击法和扫频实验获得了振动系统的一阶和二阶振动模态频率。实验结果与理论分析的结果相吻合,证明了结果的可靠性。研究还发现,悬架系统在振动系统的一阶振动模态频率处的隔振效果不明显,车体仍有较大振幅的振动;然而悬架系统在振动系统的二阶振动模态频率处的隔振效果非常显著,车体振动的幅值很小。研究结果能够为汽车悬架系统的设计以及驾驶员选择合适的路况提供有益的参考。

The automotive suspension system is considered as a two degree of freedom mass-spring-damping vibrating system.The complex vector method is used to obtain the analytical solution of the vehicle body and tire,and the first and second order modal frequencies of the vibrating system are obtained.The first and second order modal frequencies are obtained by hammering and sweeping experiments based on the established experimental model.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analytical results and the reliability of the results is proved.The results also show that the vibration isolation effect of the automotive suspension system is not obvious at the first order modal frequency,the vehicle body still has large amplitude vibration.However,the vibration isolation effect of automotive suspension system is significant at the second order modal frequency,the amplitude of vehicle body is much suppressed.The results of present manuscript can provide useful references for the design of automotive suspension system,and the drivers can make appropriate road to ride according to the road spectrum data.