摆动电弧立焊熔池热源模型及电流波形分析

Heat source model and current waveform analysis of oscillating arc vertical welding pool

立向焊接是大型结构件制造中的重要焊接工艺方法。随着装备大型化发展和可靠性要求的提高,发展高效高质量立焊技术是先进成形制造领域发展的必然趋势。针对立焊在焊接过程中熔滴受重力影响而导致的焊缝成形不佳和焊缝性能差等问题,自主研发了一种摆动电弧三轴立焊机器人系统试验平台;根据熔池建模仿真出立焊过程的热力模型;通过特定工况下的立平焊的试板横断面焊接电流波形对比,分析熔池在成形过程中对立焊状态的影响规律及修正滤波方法,消除熔池成形对焊接波形的影响并验证其可行性,为研究立焊焊缝跟踪方法提供理论依据。

Vertical welding is a significant welding technique in large-scale components manufacturing.With the enlargement of equipment and the increase of its reliability requirement,the development of high-efficiency and high-quality vertical welding technology is an inevitable trend.In this paper,the vertical welding is affected by gravity,which leads to poor weld formation and poor weld performance.A self-developed test platform for oscillating arc triaxial vertical welding robot system is developed.The thermal model of vertical welding process is simulated according to the pool modeling;through the comparison of welding current waveforms of the cross-section of the vertical plate under specific conditions,the effect of the molten pool on the vertical welding state in the forming process and the correction filtering method are analyzed,eliminating the influence of molten pool forming on welding wave-form and verify its feasibility,which provides a theoretical basis for studying the method of tracking welds in vertical welding.