不同铁源日粮对肉种鸡生长性能和鸡蛋铁含量的影响

Effects of different iron sources on laying performance and iron contents in egg of broiler breeder

文章旨在研究植物或动物源日粮中添加不同来源的铁对肉种鸡产蛋率和鸡蛋中铁含量的影响。试验选择33周龄肉种鸡780只,随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复26只鸡。试验采用2(植物和动物源日粮)×3(添加0 mg/kg铁,60 mg/kg无机铁或氨基酸铁)试验设计,基础日粮中铁的含量分别是49.5 mg/kg(植物源日粮)和58.5 mg/kg(动物源日粮)。试验分为3个阶段,即35～38周、39～42周和43～46周,预饲期2周。结果显示:与26周龄相比,30和35周龄种鸡血红蛋白含量显著降低(P <0.05),而35周龄血球容积显著低于26和30周龄(P <0.05)。无论日粮是植物还是动物源,日粮添加无机或有机铁均显著提高种鸡产蛋率(P <0.05);随着日龄的升高,种鸡产蛋率显著降低(P <0.05)。日粮类型、铁源和种鸡的日龄显著影响蛋黄中铁的含量(P <0.05),其中日粮类型和铁源对蛋黄中铁含量的影响表现为显著交互作用(P <0.05);肉骨粉日粮中添加氨基酸铁较其他各组显著提高了蛋黄中铁的含量(P <0.05),而植物源日粮中不添加铁组蛋黄铁含量最低(P <0.05);日粮无额外添加铁组蛋清中铁含量最低(P <0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,日粮添加60 mg/kg无机铁或氨基酸铁可以显著提高种鸡的产蛋率及蛋黄中铁的含量,动物源日粮中添加铁可以提高蛋清中铁的含量。

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetable or meal diets supplementation of different iron sources on laying performance and iron contents in egg of broiler breeder.A total of 780 broilers aged 32 w were allotted to 6 groups with 5 replicates of 26 broilers.The diets were 2(vegetable and meal diets)×3(no iron addition,60 mg/kg inorganic or organic iron).There were three phase for this trial,namely,35~38 w,39~42 w and 43~46 w,including 2 w adaption period.Results showed that a significant decrease in hematocrit and hemoglobin(P<0.05)when compared to the same parameters obtained in the first period.These parameters were indicative of Fe deficiency when the dietary treatments were implemented.Egg production from hens fed diets not supplemented with Fe showed a significant reduction(P<0.05)when compared to diets supplemented with Fe,regardless of diet type.Content of Fe in yolk was affected by die(t P<0.05),Fe sourc(e P<0.05),and period(P<0.05)as well as by the interaction between diet and Fe source(P<0.05).Average Fe concentration in yolk was highest for the meal diets containing diet supplemented with Fe-AA(P<0.05),lowest for the all-vegetable diet not supplemented with Fe(P<0.05).Content of Fe in albumen was lowest for diets not supplemented with Fe,regardless of diet type(P<0.05).In conclusion,based on the data we got in this trial,egg yolk Fe content increased when breeder hens were fed 60 mg Fe/kg from sulfate or Fe-AA,while egg albumen Fe content was increased only when Fe was supplemented in meal diets.