以二羟甲基丁酸为亲水剂合成水性硝化纤维乳液及其性能研究

Synthesis of waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion using dimethylolbutanoic acid as hydrophilic agent and study on its properties

以硝化纤维(NC)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)、二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)和三乙胺(TEA)为主要原料,通过自乳化法制得水性硝化纤维乳液(HWNC)。测试了乳液的贮存稳定性、粒径及其分布,并通过红外光谱分析、热重分析、水接触角测量和力学性能测试对其胶膜进行了表征。当HDI为1.211 0 g,DMBA为1.010 0 g,NC为4.337 0 g,TEA为0.688 1 g,DBTDL为0.040 0 g时,所制乳液呈淡黄色,平均粒径为63.1 nm,能自然稳定存放90 d,其胶膜的吸水率为3.2%,水接触角为123.1°,拉伸强度为16.9 MPa,耐水性、力学性能及热稳定性明显好于NC胶膜。

A waterborne nitrocellulose emulsion(HWNC)was prepared by self-emulsification from nitrocellulose(NC),hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI),dimethylolbutanoic acid(DMBA),dibutyltin dilaurate(DBTDL),and triethylamine(TEA).The storage stability as well as the particle size and its distribution of the emulsion were tested and its film was characterized by infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetry,contact angle detection,and mechanical property test.The HWNC emulsion synthesized with HDI 1.211 0 g,DMBA 1.010 0 g,NC 4.337 0 g,TEA 0.688 1 g,and DBTDL 0.040 0 g was canary yellow with a particle size of 63.1 nm and stable during the storage at natural state for more than 90 d.The HWNC film had a water absorption of 3.2%,a water contact angle of 123.1°,and a tensile strength of 16.9 MPa,showing an obvious improvement in water resistance,mechanical properties,and thermal stability as compared with the NC film.