环氧低热油的制备及其增塑性能

Synthesis of ELCO and its plasticizing effects on PVC

选用常用来合成环氧大豆油和环氧脂肪酸甲酯的大豆油为原料,运用GC-MS联用仪测定了其组成及含量,并通过酯交换、环氧化等工艺合成了具有环氧结构的环氧长短链酰基甘油酯(环氧低热油);并对其作为聚氯乙烯增塑剂的各项性能进行了研究。结果表明,大豆油不饱和脂肪酸含量达88.5%,当其与三乙酸甘油酯在物质的量之比为1∶1的情况下可得到以二脂肪酸单乙酸酯为主要成分的低热油;此外,通过物化性能、动态热机械分析、薄膜拉伸、热重-红外-质谱及热分解动力学等手段分析,结果表明环氧低热油的玻璃化转变温度为–0.77℃,低于环氧大豆油的6.13℃;其断裂伸长率为370.56%,也高于环氧大豆油321.11%;与环氧脂肪酸甲酯相比具有更高的闪点、较少的加热减量和更优良的热稳定性。所以环氧低热油是一种较为优良的增塑剂产品。

Choose soybean oil as raw material which are usually to synthesize ESO and EFAME,use GC-MS measure the component and content,and used transesterification,epoxidation reaction,synthesized an epoxy plasticizer-epoxy low calorie oil(ELCO),and the performances of the plasticizing effects on PVC is tested.The results show that:The content of the unsaturated fatty acid reaches above 80%,it’s perfectly suitable for synthesizing high epoxide number plasticizer;The content of monoacetate triglyceride in LCO would be maximum when the mole ratio of soybean oil to glyceryl triacetate is 1∶1;In addition,pass the test of physical and chemical properties,DMA,film stretching,TGA-FT-IR,TGA-MS and thermal degradation kinetics.The results show that compared with ESO,ELCO has lower Tg(ELCO is–0.77℃,ESO is 6.13℃)and greater breaking elongation(ELCO is 370.56%,ESO is 321.11%);compared with EFAME,ELCO has higher flash point,lower heating loss and higher thermal stability.So ELCO is a better plasticizer product.