选择性催化加氢合成氯代苯胺最新进展

Latest progress on synthesis of chloroaniline by selective catalytic hydrogenation

如何抑制脱氯氢解副反应是实现高效绿色合成氯代芳胺的核心问题。依据氯代硝基苯催化加氢合成氯代苯胺反应的抑制脱氯方法,选择性加氢催化剂设计思路可分为调变催化剂金属组分与载体的相互作用,制备双/多金属催化剂、非晶态合金催化剂、聚合物稳定的贵金属催化剂和杂原子修饰的贵金属催化剂等。本文分别综述了近年来各类抑制脱氯方法的研究进展及抑制脱氯机理,并进一步分析比较了不同反应介质对催化反应性能的影响。现有研究表明,杂原子修饰的贵金属催化剂表现出更好的催化性能,无溶剂条件下合成氯代苯胺彰显了绿色友好化工理念。两者有望成为今后的研究热点。

The core issue of efficient and green synthesis of chlorinated aromatic amines is to prevent the side reaction of dichlorination.The paper gives the recent progress of catalytic hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene to chloroaniline.From the perspective of inhibiting dechlorination,the design strategies of selective hydrogenation catalysts can be divided into five types:modulating the interaction of metal components and supports,constructing double/multi metal catalyst,preparing amorphous alloy catalysts,employing polymer-stabilized noble metal catalysts and the heteroatoms modified noble metal catalysts.Research progress of all kinds of the methods and the mechanism of inhibiting dechlorination are introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of different reaction media are also discussed.It can be concluded that the heteroatoms modified noble metal catalyst exhibits superior catalytic performance,while the solvent-free method reflects the green concept of chemical industry.These two research directions will become the hot topics in the future.