固态发酵饲料自动发酵饲喂一体设备设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Automatic Fermenting and Feeding Equipment for Solid-state Fermented Feed

针对固态发酵饲料在饲喂现场生产的需求和特点,设计了自动发酵饲喂一体设备。该设备由上料发酵系统、控制系统、饲喂系统构成:上料机构将饲料和菌液混合均匀送至发酵桶,发酵完成后自动下料至饲喂车;饲喂车能够准确定位到不同饲喂对象的食槽并进行定量布料;操作者只需在人机交互界面设置上料体积、发酵时长、饲喂对象等参数,整个发酵饲喂过程无需人工干预。饲喂系统由48 V/100 A·h的蓄电池供电,充电一次可连续工作4 d。试验结果表明,发酵桶上料和饲喂车排料的料体积误差均不大于6%,饲喂车定位误差平均值11. 75 mm,发酵时间、饲喂对象等参数控制准确。设备运行稳定可靠,发酵和饲喂之间无缝对接,显著减小了劳动强度,满足发酵饲料现场固态发酵并饲喂的要求。

The microorganism fermented feed can improve the production performance,enhance immunity and improve meat quality in pigs,and the production of fermented feed is solid-state fermentation in domestic.In order to produce fermented feed in feeding field and automatic feeding,an automatic fermenting and feeding equipment was designed.The equipment was composed of feed fermentation system,PLC and PIC MCU control system and feeding system.The complete diet mixed with bacterial liquid was placed in the hopper,and conveyed to the transverse screw conveyor through the metering grooved wheel under the hopper,and then conveyed to the fermentor by a longitudinal screw conveyor.In the screw conveyors,bacteria and feed were fully mixed.The fermentor was designed with 100 L in volume and 7 in number,which can ensure punctual feeding for different breeding objects.When fermentation was over,feed was lay-out from the fermentor to the feeding vehicle automatically,and then discharged into different trough quantitatively.The PLC system and the PIC MCU system constituted the control system,and wireless communication was used between them.The operator only needed to pour the feed to be fermented into the hopper,and then set the parameters of the fermentation time,the volume of the feed and the feeding object in the human-computer interface.This equipment would automatically accomplish the whole process from fermentation to feeding.The test result showed that the volume errors of screw conveyors and feeding vehicle were both less than 6%;the positioning error of feeding vehicle to the troughs was less than 11.75 mm;the parameters included fermentation time,feeding object and feeding vehicle speed were controlled accurately.The equipment worked stable and reliable,which can reduce labor intensity significantly and meet the requirements of solid-state fermented feed production and feeding in feeding field.