我国矿山环境治理恢复基金制度的构建

The construction of the restoration fund for mine environment system in China

"矿山环境治理恢复基金制度"在国务院发布的《关于印发矿产资源权益金制度改革方案的通知》中取代了自2006年确立的矿山环境治理恢复保证金制度,这是一项制度创新。施行十余年的矿山环境治理恢复保证金制度并未有效阻止矿山环境的持续恶化,该文件的发布,表示了矿山环境治理专项资金制度改革的决心。构建矿山环境治理恢复基金制度,建议在顶层框架设计上设立统筹工作的协商组织、确定统一的基金名称、确认基金的法定地位和采用市场基金的模式;完善基金计提制度,统一计提范围、规范计提方法;完善基金使用制度,应贯穿过程性的审核程序、自主计提和自主配置的使用方式;完善动态监管、公众参与和企业矿山治理信用系统等监督机制。

Notice on the Reform Plan of The Royalty of Mineral Resources published by the State Council,“the restoration fund for mine environment system”replaced“the restoration deposit for mine environment system”established in 2006 which run more than 10 years but did not improve the mine environment effectively,which is a system innovation.The release of this document represented the determination to change the special fund system for mine environmental management.Establishing the mine environment restoration fund system,suggestions are giving as follows:the top framework design should be reasonable,and the provision system should formulate an unified plan and carry out method of extraction;the use system should strengthen the whole process audit procedure,and determine the way of extraction and domination;and the supervision mechanism should be improved,such as dynamic supervision,public participation and credit system of mining management.