降解不同牧草的瘤胃细菌群落多样性研究

Diversity of Ruminal Bacterial Communities in Different Forages Degradation

本试验旨在通过高通量测序技术研究降解不同牧草的瘤胃细菌群落多样性。选择苜蓿、燕麦草、羊草和稻草为试验材料,分别将其粉碎后称取3.0 g放入尼龙袋投入瘤胃中,降解24 h后全部取出,洗净后提取总DNA,根据Miseq高通量测序要求进行样品制备和上机分析。结果表明:1)属水平上,序列比对得到91个属,4种牧草上的优势菌属均为丁酸弧菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、纤维杆菌属和密螺旋体属。2)基于UniFrac的加权主坐标分析,其第一主成分和第二主成分的贡献率分别为52.89%和19.43%。3)苜蓿、燕麦草、羊草和稻草中操作分类单元(OTU)数目分别为5 778、6 984、5 220和6 018,4组牧草共享2 913个OTU,占细菌总OTU数目的32.38%。综合得出,4种不同牧草在相同降解时间下的微生物群落结构多样性存在明显差异。

In this study,we used high throughput sequencing to investigate the diversity of ruminal bacterial communities in different forages degradation.Alfalfa,oat hay,Leymus chinensis and rice straw were choose as experimental materials,smashed and weighted 3.0 g,put in a nylon bag then put into the rumen,put out after degraded for 24 h,washed and extracted the total DNA,and sample preparation and machine analysis were according for Miseq high throughput sequencing.The results showed as follows:1)at the level of the genus,the sequence alignment obtained 91 genera,Butyrivibrio,Prevotella, Fibrobacter and Treponema were the dominant genera in the four forages.2)Based on the principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)by UniFrac,the contribution rates of the first principal component and the second principal component were 52.89%and 19.43%,respectively.3)The numbers of operational taxonomic units(OTU)of alfalfa,oat hay,Leymus chinensis and rice straw were 5 778,6 984,5 220 and 6 018,respectively,a total of 2 913 OTUs were shared by four forages and which got 32.38%of the total number of OTU in bacteria.These results showed that the diversity of bacterial communities were different in the four forages which degraded at the same time.