饲粮中添加复合酶制剂对奶牛瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率和生产性能的影响

Effects of Compound Enzyme Preparation on Rumen Fermentation,Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Performance of Lactating Cows

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的复合酶制剂对奶牛瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标及生产性能的影响。试验选取体重、胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相同或相近的泌乳早期荷斯坦奶牛32头,采用随机区组试验设计分为4组,每组8头。对照组饲喂不添加复合酶制剂的基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.10%、0.15%和0.20%复合酶制剂的试验饲粮,预试期10 d,正试期56 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.15%复合酶制剂显著提高瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸含量(P<0.05);添加复合酶制剂对瘤胃液乙酸含量有一定提高作用(P=0.08),而对其他挥发性脂肪酸、氨态氮和微生物蛋白含量无显著影响(P>0.05),有降低pH的趋势(P=0.08)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加复合酶制剂能显著提高干物质和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率(P<0.05);添加0.20%复合酶制剂能显著提高有机物的表观消化率(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加复合酶制剂对血清总蛋白含量有增加趋势(P=0.09),对尿素氮含量有降低趋势(P=0.07),而对其他血清生化指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.10%和0.15%复合酶制剂能显著提高饲料转化率(P<0.05),0.10%组和0.15%组3.5%乳脂校正乳产量分别提高3.88和4.27 kg/d (P <0.05),0.15%组乳脂率提高12.70%(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加复合酶制剂有助于提高饲料转化率、瘤胃发酵和生产性能,且添加量为0.15%时效果较好。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different doses of compound enzyme preparation on rumen fermentation,apparent digestibility of nutrients,serum biochemical indices and performance of lactating cows.Thirty-two healthy Holstein lactating cows were selected with similar body weight,parity,lactation days and milk yield.The cows were allocated to 4 groups according to a randomized blocks experiment design.Dairy cows in control group were fed a basal diet,while those in trial groups were fed the basal diet with 0.10%,0.15%and 0.20%compound enzyme preparation,respectively.Preliminary trial period was 10 days,and formal trial period was 56 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,adding 0.15%compound enzyme preparation in the diets significantly increased total volatile fatty acids content of rumen fluid(P<0.05)and adding compound enzyme preparation had a trend to increase acetic acid content(P=0.08),but had no significant effects on other volatile fatty acids,ammonia nitrogen and micro protein contents(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,adding compound enzyme preparation in the diets significantly increased the apparent digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber(P<0.05),and adding 0.20%compound enzyme preparation significantly increased the apparent digestibility of organic matter(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,adding compound enzyme preparation in the diets had a trend to increase serum albumin content(P=0.09)and decrease urea nitrogen content(P=0.07),but had no significant effects on other serum biochemical indexes(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,adding 0.10%and 0.15%compound enzyme preparation in the diets significantly increased feed conversion rate(P<0.05),and the 3.5%milk fat correction milk yield in 0.10%and 0.15%groups was increased by 3.88 and 4.27 kg/d(P<0.05),respectively.The milk fat rate in 0.15%group was increased by 12.70%(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding compound enzyme preparation in the diets can improve feed conversion rate,rumen fermentation and performance.Comprehensive consideration,the recommended adding amount of compound enzyme preparation in the diets of lactating cows is 0.15%.