智库中的政策专家社会网络分析——以日本国际问题研究所为例

The Social Network of Policy Experts in Think-tanks: The Case of Japanese Institute of International Affairs

智库的政策知识生产活动与影响力的发挥,在很大程度上取决于其所依赖的专家。而专家之间所形成的结构关系,决定了该智库通过怎样的机制发挥其影响力。在阐明智库影响力问题时,除了将其视作一个整体加以考察之外,有必要对智库内部政策专家的相关指标进行分析。日本国际问题研究所(JIIA)是日本颇具代表性的外交政策智库之一,其内部的"连锁政策专家"之间存在多个围绕不同议题中心而形成的发散性局域网,并依赖这些局域网所构成的"项目研究会"维持着智库的知识生产活动,偏好联合外部学者型专家进行外包式政策研究。这一社会网络结构由该智库自身的机构定位以及该智库在日本外交决策过程与活动中的地位所决定,在未来一段时间内可能呈现持续扩大的趋势。当前中国智库发展呈上升势头,日本国际问题研究所在研究机制与运营方面的经验可资借鉴。

The policy knowledge production and expansion of influence of think-tanks depend on their policy experts,and the social network of those policy experts determines the mechanism of think-tanks in expanding their influence.For that reason,it is necessary to analyze the related indicators of policy experts in order to access the influence of think-tanks.Japanese Institute of International Affairs(JIIA)is one of the leading foreign policy think-tanks in Japan.Within JIIA,there are diversified networks relating to a variety of topics involving policy experts in the JIIA,and the knowledge production is carried out through activities of research groups formed by the network and policy research projects conducted by experts outside the think-tank.The social network is determined by the position of the think-tank and its role in the decision-making process of Japan’s diplomacy,and will be expanded in the coming future.Currently China’s think-tanks are developing rapidly,and the experience of JIIA in research mechanism and operation is worth learning.