政府权威:幕府灭亡的一个缘由与明治政府的应对

The Authority of Government: the Reason of the Collapse of Tokugawa Shogunate and the Response of the Meiji Government

近代西力东渐削弱了日本德川幕府的统治权威,加速了德川幕府的衰亡。在这过程中,反对幕府的势力将幕府对西方势力的"丧权辱国"与民众日益贫困的生活状况联系起来,指责幕府已经失去了统治的合法性。但"丧权辱国"的指责也给后来日本政府构建自身的权威形成了挑战,最终,明治新政府为了树立政府的权威,在借助传统力量的同时也逐渐倾向于对外扩张的思想。

The exertion of western forcing on eastern countries gradually weakened the authority of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan and accelerated its declination in modern times.In this process,the factions that opposed the Tokugawa Shogunate criticized that the treaties of national betrayal and humiliation caused the poor living conditions and the Tokugawa Shogunate had no more legitimacy of ruling Japan.However,the criticizing against the national betrayal and humiliation brought challenges to the later Japanese government when it built its own authority.In the end,the Meiji government tended towards the thought of external expansion with tradition strength to build its authority.