我国体育事业财政支出:规模、结构与空间效应

China's Sports Expenditure: Scale,Structure and Spatial Effect

财政支出是体育事业经费支出的主体,其支出规模和结构决定着体育事业发展水平的速度,而全面、系统地分析我国体育事业财政投入的规模和结构,利于进一步完善政府部门的体育实践工作。我国体育事业财政投入的规模从"一五"时期到"十二五"时期总体额度在逐渐增加,特别是从"六五"时期的25.68亿元上升到"十二五"时期的1 758亿元,增长了近70倍,但我国体育事业财政支出在国家财政支出占比却在降低。同时,体育事业在财政支出中的占比相对也很薄弱,相对规模较小。各区域和各省、市、区体育事业财政支出在财政支出中的规模和占比均非常有限。我国东部地区体育事业财政支出高于中、西部经济欠发达地区。东部地区省、市、区中的北京、上海、天津、浙江、海南等省份以及西部省份的西藏、宁夏、新疆、青海等省份的人均财政支出远高于中部的河南河北等省份的人均体育事业财政支出额度。而"十二五"时期,除东部体育事业人均财政支出额度高于全国平均值外,西部、中部和东北部3个区域的平均值均低于全国平均数值,表明我国体育事业发展仍然需要各级政府加大投入,特别需要引起经济欠发达地区各级政府的重视。

Expenditure is the main body of sports expenditures.The scale and structure of its expenditures determine the speed of development of sports undertakings.However,the scale and structure of the financial investment in sports undertakings in a comprehensive and systematic way are conducive to further improving the practice of sports in government departments.The scale of China's financial investment in sports increased gradually from"First Five-Year"to"12th Five-Year"period,from 2.568 billion yuan in the"6th Five-Year Plan"period to 175.8 billion yuan in the"12th Five-Year Plan"period,nearly 70 times,but the proportion of the expenditure of public expenditure on sports in the state has dropped.At the same time,the share of sports in fiscal expenditure is relatively weak and relatively small.The expenditure and proportion of the public expenditure on sports in various regions,provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in fiscal expenditure are very limited.The expenditures on sports in the eastern region are higher than those in economically underdeveloped central and western regions.Per capita expenditure on sports and physical education in provinces such as Beijing,Shanghai,Tianjin,Zhejiang and Hainan in the eastern provinces and municipalities as well as in the provinces of Tibet,Ningxia,Xinjiang and Qinghai in the western provinces is much higher than that in Henan Hebei and other provinces in central China Sports expenditure amount of financial expenditure.In the"12th Five-Year Plan",except for the per capita financial expenditure of the eastern part of the sports industry being higher than the national average,the average values??in the three regions of western,central and northeastern China were lower than the national average,indicating that our sports enterprise development still needs at all levels of government increasing investment,especially need to cause all levels of government attaches great importance to the economy less developed area.