轨道梁动力行为对跨座式单轨车辆走行性能的影响

Influence of track beam's dynamic behavior on running performance of straddle-type monorail vehicle

针对跨座式单轨车辆通过轨道梁桥时,轨道梁的振动与变形会对车辆走行性能产生影响,建立跨座式单轨车辆-轨道梁空间耦合振动模型,计算分析不同车速、载客量条件下轨道梁区段和路基区段的车桥动力响应,进而探究轨道梁动力行为对车辆动力响应的影响水平与规律。研究结果表明:标准形式PC轨道梁动力性能良好。轨道梁跨中竖向挠度的峰值与车速关系不明显,随载客量的提高显著增大;跨中横向位移的峰值随车速先增后减,受载客量影响较小。轨道梁跨中竖向加速度随车速先增大后趋于波动,跨中横向加速度随车速的提高呈上升趋势,且二者基本不受载客量影响。轨道梁的动力行为是影响车辆竖向振动加速度的主要因素,其单独引起的车体横向振动加速度占比约50%。强化对轨道梁竖向振动和横向变形的控制可有效提升车辆的走行性能。

When the straddle-type monorail vehicle passes through track beam bridge,the vibration and deformation of track beam will conversely influence the running performance of vehicle.In order to explore the impact level of track beam’s dynamic behavior on vehicle’s response,a spatial coupling model of straddle-type monorail vehicle-track beam was established in the study.Dynamic responses of vehicle-bridge in the section of track beam and subgrade under conditions of different speed and passenger volume were calculated and analyzed.The study shows that standard PC track beam performs good.Maximum vertical deflection at mid-span of the track beam is inconspicuously related to vehicle speed,yet significantly increases with the augmentation of passenger.The transverse displacement peak at mid-span is independent from passenger volume,which increases at first and then decreases with the speed.Vertical acceleration of track beam at mid-span firstly increases along with the speed and then tends to fluctuate,and transverse acceleration keeps rising all through.However,both vertical and transverse accelerations are irrelevant to the change of passenger volume.Furthermore,dynamic behavior of the track beam is the main factor determining the vertical acceleration of vehicle,the percentage of which singly leads to the vehicle transverse acceleration is 50%or so.Strengthening the control of vertical vibration and transverse deformation of the track beam shall effectively improve the running performance of vehicle.