回收式伤员洗消装置的研制与试验验证

Development and experimental verification of decontaminant-reclaimed casualty decontamination device

目的:根据伤员体表放射性沾染去污的需要,研制一种新型的伤员洗消装置。方法:采用模块化组合式结构设计,整个洗消装置分为主机、洗消管、手柄与洗消刷头3个部分。利用整体密封设计工艺设计独特的洗消刷头,在体表有放射性沾染的局部皮肤上方建立一个半封闭的洗消区域,并建立负压。将洗消液以一定的压力喷洒在污染皮肤表面,并采用机械消泡技术通过负压将洗消废液回收。结果:该伤员洗消装置的连续工作时间、废液桶利用率和对放射性核素污染的去污率与国外同类伤员洗消装置相近,可靠性满足战术技术指标要求。结论:该伤员洗消装置达到了设计要求,可满足人员体表放射性沾染去污的需要。

Objective To develop a casualty decontamination device for eliminating surface radiocontamination.Methods The device had a modular structure,which consisted of a main unit,a decontamination tube,a handle and a brush.The integrally sealed brush formed a semi-closed area at the radio-contaminated skin and negative pressure;the decontaminant was sprayed over the contaminated skin and then reclaimed with mechanical defoaming and negative pressure.Results The device met the desired requirements in continuous working time,utilization efficiency of waste liquid tank as well as decontamination efficacy of radioactive nuclide,which functioned alike as the similar devices in foreign countries.Conclusion The device can be promoted to eliminating surface radiocontamination.