家庭养老与国民幸福——基于《中国综合社会调查(CGSS)》数据的实证分析

Family Supporting and National Happiness:An Empirical Analysis Based on Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)

改革开放以来,中国经济持续高速增长,但人口老龄化也迅速加剧。文章基于《中国综合社会调查(CGSS)》数据,分析家庭养老对中国居民幸福感的影响,结果表明家庭养老显著降低了中国居民的幸福感,且这种负面影响随家庭人均收入的增加而减弱;家庭养老对中年群体的负面影响最大,对老年群体和青少年群体的影响在城乡之间存在异质性;对城乡居民幸福感的边际影响存在异质性。因此,全面放开二孩政策有利于调整家庭人口结构,以缓解人口老龄化,减少其负面影响。

The economy has grown rapidly since the reform and opening,but population aging is also accelerating in China.This article analyzes the influence of family supporting on happiness by employing data of Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS).The results show that family supporting has significantly decreased Chinese happiness,the effect weakens with the increase of per capita income.Family supporting has the largest negative effect for the middle-aged group,and the influences of which on the elderly and young groups vary between urban and rural areas.In addition,the marginal effects of family supporting on happiness of urban and rural residents are heterogeneous.As a result,it is necessary to implement a two-child policy which will help to adjust the family population structure,reduce population aging rate and its negative influences.