论慈善信托备案的法律效力

On the Legal Effect of Charitable Trust Filing

慈善信托"备案制"是推动我国慈善事业创新发展的重要方式之一,由于行政备案还属发展中的制度,慈善信托备案的法律效力如何尚未获得厘清。从慈善信托备案法律条款所使用的文字表达来看,似与备案为程序性的事实行为之一般理解有所差异。为准确理解慈善信托备案的法律效力,可从慈善信托引入"备案制"的初衷以及有关条款对当事人权利义务影响的性质和程度来加以综合考虑。备案不能被视为慈善信托设立的必要要件,其应是一种调控方式,是对慈善信托受托人行为选择的指引。

Charitable trust“filing system”is one of important ways to improve China’s charity cause.However,the filing is still a developing system,and the legal effect of charitable trust filing is to be studied.From the literal expression of charity trust laws,it is different from the general understanding that it is a behavior based on facts and procedures.To better understand the law power of charity trust filing laws,we can start from the reason why we introduce the filing laws into charity trust as well as the extent that some clauses affect the right and responsibility of related persons.The filing can not be seen as necessary conditions to set up charity trust.Instead,it is a way of adjustment and a guideline for the behavior of trustees of charity trust.