村镇级海岛生活污染物排放规律及特性研究

Study on Discharge Regularity and Properties of Life Pollutant in Rural Island Areas

[目的]研究村镇级海岛生活污染物排放规律及特性。[方法]通过实地调查、统计分析与试验检测,研究了村镇海岛生活垃圾、生活污水产生规律和理化特征。[结果]外伶仃岛和东澳岛生活垃圾人均产量分别为1.147和1.093 kg/d;物理组分中厨余(36.51%～42.69%)含量最高,其次为纸类和塑料;两岛垃圾含水率为51.55%～58.76%,热值为4 793～5 567 k J/kg。外伶仃岛生活污水排放系数为0.425,居住区近岸海水NH3-N和TN浓度为最大背景值的3.78倍和3.09倍,污水处理厂出水水质达到城镇污水处理三级标准;东澳岛生活污水排放系数为0.386,居住区近岸海水NH3-N和TN浓度分别为最大背景值的9.48倍和3.31倍;污水处理厂出水水质达到城镇污水处理一级A标准。[结论]该研究为海岛生活垃圾和生活污水处理提供依据。

[Objective]The research aimed to study the discharge regularity and properties of life pollutant in rural island areas.[Method]Through field investigation,statistical analysis and experimental detection,the production regularities and physico-chemical properties of household garbage and domestic sewage in rural islands were studied.[Result]The average yields of living solid waste in Wailingding and Dong’ao were1.147kg/d and1.093kg/d respectively.The content of kitchen residue(36.51%-42.69%)was the highest,followed by paper and plastics.Moisture content of living waste was51.55%-58.76%,and calorific value was4793-5567kJ/kg.The discharge coefficient of domestic sewage was0.425in Wailingding,and the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen concentration of the coastal seawater in residential areas were3.78times and3.09times of the maximum background value,and effluent quality of sewage treatment plant reachedⅢstandard of pollutants discharge.The sewage discharge coefficient was0.386in Dong’ao,and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the coastal seawater of the residential area was9.48times and3.31times of the maximum background value,and effluent quality of sewage treatment plant reached-A standard of pollutants discharge.[Conclusion]The study provides a basis for the treatment of island domestic waste and domestic sewage.