药用植物黑老虎主要病虫害调查

Investigation on the Main Diseases and Pests of the Medicinal Plant Kadsura coccinea

[目的]调查药用植物黑老虎(Kadsura coccinea)林下主要病虫害种类,为黑老虎栽培过程中的病虫害防治提供理论依据。[方法]选取高海拔地区、低海拔地区的苗龄1年和苗龄3年的黑老虎为研究对象,采用全面普查和样地抽查相结合的方法,调查高海拔与低海拔不同条件下黑老虎林下病虫害种类及其发生危害情况。[结果]共发现危害黑老虎的病虫害22种,其中虫害18种,病害4种; 1年生和3年生黑老虎的病虫害种类大致相同,但病虫害危害程度不同;低海拔地区的病虫害发生程度相对较重,高中海拔地区的病虫害发生程度相对较轻。[结论]黑老虎林下植被存在一定程度的病虫害,但病虫害种类不多,朱砂叶螨、斜纹夜蛾、龙纹病、叶枯病是危害黑老虎的主要病虫害。黑老虎生长第一年(10月前)应重点注意蚜虫的发生和防治,第二年(5至10月间)应注意斜纹夜蛾和朱砂叶螨的发生和防治。

Objective]To investigate the main diseases and insect pests in Kadsura coccinea undergrowth,and provide theoretical basis for pest control in Kadsura coccinea cultivation.[Method]The Kadsura coccinea with1year of seedling age and3years of seedling age in high altitudes and low altitudes were selected as the research objects.Under the high and low altitudes conditions,species and occurrence of pests and diseases in Kadsura coccinea undergrowth were investigated by general investigation and comprehensive investigation.[Result]After preliminary identification and statistics,22species of pests and diseases were found,including18pests and4diseases.The diseases and insect pests of annual and three-year-old Kadsura coccinea are basically the same,but the degree of damage is different.The incidence of pests and diseases is relatively heavy in low altitude areas,and relatively low in the middle altitude area.[Conclusion]There are some diseases and insect pests in undergrowth of Kadsura coccinea,but not many kinds.Carmine spider mite,Spodopteralitura,Cotton Leafworm,dragon and leaf disease are the main pests and diseases that harm Kadsura coccinea.The first year of Kadsura coccinea growth(before October)should focus on the occurrence and control of aphids.In second years(middle and late May to October),attention should be paid to the occurrence and control of Cotton Leafworm and Spodopteralitura.