新一代DNA测序技术的应用与研究进展

Application and Research Progress of a New Generation of DNA Sequencing Technology

DNA测序技术的研究、开发与进步,在生命科学的各个研究领域均显示出其非凡的魅力.该文梳理了DNA测序技术的发展脉路,详细介绍了第一代测序技术的桑格-库森法、化学降解法,第二代测序技术的Roche 454测序法、Illumina Solexa测序法、ABI SOLID测序法,第三代测序技术的单分子荧光测序法、纳米孔测序法,并分析了三代测序技术的核心原理与特征,指出DNA测序技术的产生与快速发展为生命科学研究带来了革命性的改变,使人类对自然和自身的认知进入了到新的科学层面.

The research,development and progress of DNA sequencing technology have shown its extraordinary charm in various fields of life science.This paper reviews the development of DNA sequencing technology from its first generation of Sanger-Coulson method and chemical degradation method,to the second generation of Roche454sequencing method,Illumina Solexa sequencing method and ABI SOLID sequencing method,and to the third generation of single molecule fluorescence sequencing method and nanopore sequencing method.Meanwhile,the core principles and characteristics of three generations of sequencing technology are analyzed.It is pointed out that the emergence and rapid development of DNA sequencing technology has brought revolutionary changes to life science research,which prompts human's cognition of itself and understanding of nature into a new scientific level.