刀具参数对非线性误差的影响规律及控制方法研究

Research on the Influence of Tool Parameters on Non-linear Error and Its Control Method

针对复杂曲面五轴加工过程中,数控系统的插补原理会导致旋转轴在线性插补过程中偏离理想运动平面,继而引起非线性误差并严重影响曲面的加工精度问题,研究刀具参数对非线性误差的影响至关重要。根据五轴联动过程中刀具的运动规律建立了相应的运动方程,获得刀具参数对非线性误差影响的数学模型;应用MATLAB对3种类型刀具引起的非线性误差进行仿真分析,得到刀具参数对非线性误差的影响规律并提出有效控制非线性误差的措施;最后通过某叶轮的仿真加工验证刀具参数对非线性误差的影响规律。

In the process of five-axis machining of complex surface,the interpolation principle of CNC system will cause the rotation axis deviates from the ideal motion plane in the linear interpolation process,then nonlinear error is caused and the machining precision of surface is seriously affected.It is very important to study the influence of tool parameters on nonlinear error.The mathematical model of the influence of the tool parameters on the nonlinear error was obtained according to the motion law of the tool in the five-axis linkage process and the corresponding motion equation was established.The MATLAB simulation analysis on the nonlinear error caused by the three types of tools was done,the influence of the tool parameters on the nonlinear error was obtained and the measures to control the nonlinear error were put forward.Finally,the influence of the tool parameters on the nonlinear error was verified by the simulation of an impeller.