不同农地整治模式对农户生计策略的影响研究——以江汉平原和鄂西南山区部分县市为例

The Impact of Different Rural Land Consolidation Modes on Rural Households' Livelihood Strategies: Examples from Some Counties and Cities from the Jianghan Plain and Mountainous Areas in Hubei Province

本文构建农地整治背景下农户生计策略的分析框架,并利用湖北省农户问卷调查数据,采用双重差分(DID)模型,分析不同农地整治模式对农户生计策略的影响。研究结果表明:农地整治可以促进农户由传统小农经营向农业规模经营生计策略转变,由务农生计策略向本地打工经商生计策略转变;不同农地整治模式对农户生计策略的影响差异较大,新型经营主体主导模式农地整治相比于政府主导模式农地整治对农户上述生计策略转变的作用更加明显;不同地貌类型区农地整治对农户生计策略的影响差异较明显,平原地区农地整治更能促进农业生产方式由分散化经营向规模化经营转变,山区农地整治更能促进农村产业由单一产业向复合产业转变。基于此,今后不仅要继续加大农地整治的投资力度,还要创新农地整治实施模式,更要因地制宜地开展农地整治。

Based on a sustainable livelihoods model,this article constructs an analytical framework of farmers'livelihood strategies under the background of Rural Land Consolidation(RLC)projects.It employs a DID model to analyze the influence of different RLC modes on farmer households'livelihood strategies,supported by a questionnaire survey carried out in Tianmen and Qianjiang City in the Jianghan Plain,as well as Xuan'en and Xianfeng County in the mountainous areas in southwestern Hubei Province.The results reveal that,first of all,the RLC projects have brought good results in promoting the transformation of rural households'livelihood strategies from a traditional small-scale decentralized operation to a moderate-scale centralized operation,and from engaging in farming activities as a main livelihood strategy to local wage-earning or self-employment activities as a main livelihood strategy.Second,there is a large difference in the impact of different RLC modes on the livelihood strategies of farmers,and the mode led by new agricultural management agents has played a more obvious role than the government-led mode in transforming farmer households'livelihood strategies.Third,the effect of RLC projects in different geomorphic types on farmers'livelihood strategies shows significant difference.The RLC projects in plain areas can stimulate the transition of agriculture production mode from small-scale decentralized management to moderate-scale centralized management,and the RLC projects in mountainous areas can promote the transformation of rural industry from a single industry to integrated industries.Based on the analysis,the study suggests that the authorities continue to increase the investment of Rural Land Comprehensive Consolidation projects,promote innovations in the implementation mode of RLC projects,and carry out them based on local conditions.