椒(灵)江水沙特性及最大浑浊带模拟

Simulation on flow-sediment characteristic and turbidity maximum zone in Jiao( Ling) River

椒(灵)江属于典型的山溪性强潮河流,水动力泥沙条件异常复杂。潮流和径流共同作用极易引导细颗粒泥沙在特定河段集聚,形成最大浑浊带,并发育浮泥,对河道河床演变起重要作用。尤其是近年来河口围填和河道采砂等人类活动对河流的水动力和边界条件造成较大的改变,加之上游水库建设致使径流量及洪峰流量减小,配合强潮的顶托作用,枯水期最大浑浊带向上游运动距离更远,导致河道淤涨、江水变浑,影响到河道航运资源开发与保护。在实测资料的基础上分析椒(灵)江山溪性强潮河流的水沙特性,并考虑黏性细颗粒泥沙运动特性和盐度的影响,开发山溪性强潮河流最大浑浊带数学模型,模拟枯季大潮椒(灵)江水沙运动特性和最大浑浊带运移过程。

The fine sediment in the channel often forms the turbidity maximum zone,which moves back and forth under the two-way action of the runoff and the tidal current,and develops into fluid mud at the bottom of the channel.The movement laws of flow and sediment are extremely complicated.In recent years,human activities in the estuary become more frequent.In particular,the estuary reclamation has caused big changes in the hydrodynamic and boundary conditions of the estuary.Moreover,the construction of upstream reservoir has reduced the runoff and peak discharge,in combination with the jacking function of tidal water,resulting in siltation in the channel and turbid river water.Taking the Jiao(Ling)River as an example,this paper analyzes the characteristics of flow and sediment in mountainous river with strong tide based on the measured data and considering the effect of sediment transport characteristics of viscous fine grain and salinity,develops the mathematic model of the maximum turbid zone movement in the mountainous river,and simulates the transport characteristics of the turbidity zone in the Jiao(Ling)River.