从“画图”到“美术”:清末民初学校美术课程设置研究

From “Drawing” to “Art”: A Study of the School Arts Curriculum Setting in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

清末民初学校的美术课程以教会学校之"借学布道"发轫,经历了清末之从"画图"到"图画"、民初之从"图画"到"美术"的发展历程。中国传统美术强调审美意境而非器物之用。随着学校美术课程的逐步完善与普及,其以美育人的功能开始苏醒,美术课程设置亦是历经了从实利功用到美育功能,即"由器至道"的演变。

The art curriculum of the school in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China was initiated by the“Sermon by Education”of the church school.It experienced the development process from“painting”to“drawing”in the late Qing Dynasty and from“drawing”to“art”in the early period of the Republic of China.Chinese traditional art emphasizes the aesthetic conception rather than the use of artifacts.With the gradual improvement and popularization of the school art curriculum,the aesthetic function began to wake up.The art curriculum function had also undergone the evolution from the benefit to the aesthetic education.