人力资本大国如何实现——印度技术技能型人才培养政策解析

How to Become a Big Country of Human Capital——An Analysis of India's Policy for Training Technical and Skilled Talents

印度的技术技能型人才培养有着长期的经历和丰富的经验,特别在软件人才及国际化人才培养等方面具有显著的优势和特色。教育政策在印度技术技能型人才培养过程中起着重要的促进和支撑作用。独立后印度出台了一系列有影响的技术技能型人才培养政策,这些政策的特点表现为继承性、全纳性、实践性和国际性。印度技术技能型人才培养政策的实施成效主要有:极大地满足了社会对技术技能型人才的需求,大幅度地提升了职业教育的质量,培育了大批与国际接轨的专业性人才,形成了多层次多元化的人才培养体系。通过对印度技术技能型人才培养政策及其实施状况的分析可以发现,依托政策支持、发展职业教育、重视现代教育技术、注重课程体系优化、变革教育体制、关注国际人才需求等特性既是印度成为人力资本大国的基础,也是值得我们重视和研究的有益经验。

The training for technical and skilled talents in India has a long history and rich experience,especially in the training fields of software talents and international talents.Education policies play an important role in promoting the training of technical and skilled talents in India.After independence,India introduced a series of influential policies for training technical and skilled talents.Through the analysis of the policies and their implementation,we can find many features including:basing on the policy support,advancing vocational education,attaching importance to modern educational technology,focusing on the optimization of curriculum system,reforming educational system and paying attention to the demand of international talents,etc.All of these have laid a foundation for India to become a big country of human capital,and deserve our attention and research.