老年癌症患者综合需求调查分析

Survey of comprehensive needs of elderly patients with cancer

目的了解老年癌症患者综合需求情况,为进一步的护理干预提供参考。方法采用癌症患者综合需求评估量表(Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool in cancer for patients,CNAT)对397例老年癌症患者进行问卷调查。结果老年癌症患者综合需求总分42.37(32.77,53.11)分,身体症状需求35.90(12.82,51.28)分,心理情感需求33.33(9.01,57.58)分,知识信息需求50.00(33.33,66.67)分,实际支持需求33.33(19.05,47.62)分,社会精神支持需求33.33(22.22,55.56)分,护理需求58.33(33.33,66.67)分,医院设施需求66.67(41.67,66.67)分,医疗需求58.33(33.33,75.00)分;老年癌症患者综合需求受到目前职业、照顾者类型、治疗方式、癌症类型、癌症患病时间、癌症分期、受教育程度、家庭月总收入及目前居住地影响(均P<0.01)。结论老年癌症患者就医体验需求较高,与患者的病情及获得资源的情况有关。需要加强对低学历、居住于农村,患有乳腺癌、子宫及其附件癌症、癌症分期较差及放疗患者的针对性干预,满足其需求。

Objective To understand the comprehensive needs of elderly patients with cancer,and provide a reference for further nursing interventions.Methods A total of 397 elderly patients with cancer were investigated by using the Comprehensive Needs Assessment tool in cancer for patients.Results The total score of comprehensive needs of the elderly patients was 42.37(32.77,53.11),with physical symptoms needs of 35.90(12.82,51.28),psychological and emotional needs of 33.33(9.01,57.58),demand of knowledge and information needs of 50.00(33.33,66.67),the actual support needs of 33.33(19.05,47.62),social and mental support needs of 33.33(22.22,55.56),nursing needs of 58.33(33.33,66.67),the demand for hospital facilities needs of 66.67(41.67,66.67),and the medical needs of 58.33(33.33,75.00).The comprehensive needs of the elderly patients were influenced by current employment status,types of caregivers,current treatment schemes,types of cancer,the time span since a cancer diagnosis,cancer staging,educational backgrounds,family monthly income,and current residence(P<0.01 for all).Conclusion The need for medical service in elderly cancer patients was relatively high,which was related to patients′conditions and availability of resources.Patients with lower educational levels,residing in the countryside,those with cancers inflicting the breast,uterus or appendages,those with poorer cancer staging,suffering from recurrence,or receiving chemotherapy,should be given targeted interventions to satisfy their needs.