肿瘤医院住院患者跌倒的相关危险因素分析

Analysis of Fall Related Risk Factors in Hospitalized Patients in Cancer Hospitals

目的分析肿瘤专科医院住院患者跌倒造成伤害的危险因素,为预防该类伤害发生提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究,分析2008年1月1日至2016年12月31日某三级甲等肿瘤专科医院护理不良事件上报系统中的跌倒数据资料,按有无跌倒史分组,进行再次发生跌倒的相关因素分析;按跌倒后造成伤害的严重程度分成两组,将跌倒造成的伤害(有伤害、无伤害)作为因变量,数据资料中与跌倒相关的其他变量作为自变量进行危险度分析。结果跌倒患者共294例,有跌倒史34例,再次发生跌倒与科室、感觉障碍有关。跌倒造成伤害的风险与疾病诊断、24小时内用药情况、感觉障碍有关。结论应加强高风险跌倒伤害危险因素的预防,加强对特殊科室、特殊疾病患者的关注,构建肿瘤住院患者跌倒评估量表,提高其筛选高危人群的特异性和敏感性。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of injuries caused by falls in inpatients in cancer hospitals,and to provide evidence for preventing such injuries.Method A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of falls in the nursing adverse event reporting system of a Class-A tertiary cancer hospital from January 1,2008 to December 31,2016.The patients were grouped by history of falls or not to conduct the factor analysis of recurrence.The patients with falls were divided into two groups by the severity of injuries.Injury(with injury,no injury)was taken as the dependent variable,and other variables related to the falls in the database were taken as the independent variables to conduct risk analysis.Results A total of 294 patients fell and 34 had a history of falls.The recurrence of falls was related to departments and sensory disturbances.The risk of injury from falls was related to the diagnosis,medication within 24 hours,and sensory disturbance.Conclusion The prevention targeting risk factors of high-risk falls should be strengthened.Patients with special diseases and special departments should be given more attention.Fall assessment scale for inpatients in cancer hospitals should be developed and improved in the specificity and sensitivity of screening high-risk groups.