铁路与区域城镇网络的变动——以1937年前长芦盐在京津冀的运销为例

Changes between Railway and Regional Urban Network——Taking the Transportation and Sales of Changlu Salt in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei before 1937 as an example

在铁路开通前的一个时期内,水陆联运是长芦盐由天津等地向京津冀地区运销的主要路径,沿河城镇则成为重要的落厂地(交通节点)。1903年铁路开始参与长芦盐运销后,铁路运输所占份额日益扩大,铁路沿线城镇在落厂地中的地位日见上升,沿河落厂地的地位日益下降,因而从一个方面集中体现了铁路影响下的京津冀地区城镇网络变动。这一变动过程对京津冀地区城镇体系及区域发展具有重要意义。

Before the railway was built,land and sea transport had been the main way for Changlu Salt from Tianjin to Beijing and Hebei,and the towns along the rivers became important transport nodes.Since the railway transportation had paticipated in the transportation and sales of Changlu Salt in 1903,the positions of towns built along the railway had risen gradually while those transport nodes along rivers had declined,which showed the changes of urban network in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei influenced by railway.The change process is of great significance to the urban system and regional development in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.