乌兰察布市县域收入及贫困空间格局研究

Spatial Distribution of County Income and Poverty in Ulanqab

贫困一直是困扰区域可持续发展,尤其是对欠发达地区更是亟待解决的问题。本文以乌兰察布市旗、市、县、区为基本研究单元,运用数理统计方法和GIS空间分析方法,对该市2015年居民人均可支配收入及贫困空间格局进行研究。结果表明:(1)县域城镇和农村居民人均可支配收入空间特征均呈现为"中间高,四周低",从东到西呈现中间高两边低的特征,基本呈现倒"U"型分布,从南到北呈现南高北低的趋势;(2)城乡、城镇和农村人均可支配收入两极分化现象并不严重,但从整体来来看,贫困区域较多,贫困程度较为严重。

Poverty has always been an important problem that persecutes regional sustainable development and demands prompt solutions,especially for the less-developed areas.Adopting mathematical statistics and GIS spatial analysis,regarding the Qi(a special administrative division of the Inner Mongolia,corresponding to the county level),City,County and District as basic research unit,the paper studies the spatial distribution characteristics of the per capita disposable income and poverty in Ulanqab in 2015.The results show that:(1)The per capita disposable income in urban and rural residents have the same spatial characteristics of"high in the middle area and lower in the peripheral area".The trend from east to west shows“high in the middle and low in both sides”,basically presenting an inverted“U”type distribution,while that from south to north shows“high in the south and low in the north”.(2)The polarization of per capita disposable income between urban-rural residents and among urban residents and rural residents is not serious,however,from the perspective of the whole there are relatively more poverty areas with more serious poverty issue.