建立RSV联合OVA诱发幼年大鼠哮喘模型的方法

A Method for Establishing Young Rat Model of Asthma Induced by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Combined with Ovalbumin

目的探讨呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus, RSV)滴鼻联合卵清白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)雾化方法,建立大鼠哮喘模型的可行性。方法将SD大鼠共30只随机分为正常对照组(A组)、哮喘模型组(B组)和地塞米松组(C组)3组,每组10只,分别给予相应干预,两周后观察大鼠反应,应用肺功能测量仪测定气道阻力(Re值)、支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, BALF)中细胞计数与分类,并观察肺组织病理改变。结果 A组大鼠反应及Re值基本正常,B组大鼠出现喘息表现,且测Re值明显高于A组(P<0.05),C组大鼠较B组有所减轻;与A组比较,B组、C组BALF中白细胞计数显著升高(P<0.01),以嗜酸性粒细胞比例为主(P<0.01),C组较B组BALF中白细胞计数、嗜酸性粒细胞比例显著下降(P<0.01);肺组织病理A组支气管肺泡结构基本正常,B组可见支气管结构紊乱、管壁增厚以及炎性细胞浸润等,C组较B组有所减轻。结论 RSV联合OVA诱发方法,能够成功建立幼年大鼠哮喘模型,为进一步实验研究奠定基础。

Objective To investigate the feasibility of intranasal delivery of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)with ovalbumin(OVA)atomization to establish a rat model of asthma.Methods A total of30Sprague-Dawley rats were equally and randomly divided into group A(normal control group),group B(asthma model group),and group C(dexamethasone group)to receive respective treatments.After two weeks,the reaction of rats was observed.Airway resistance(Re value)was determined using a pulmonary function meter.Cell counting and classification were performed for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).The pathological changes of lung tissue were evaluated.Results Group A exhibited basically normal reaction and Re value,and group B showed wheezing and a significantly higher Re value than group A(P<0.05);group C showed improvements than group B.Compared with group A,group B and group C had significantly increased leukocyte count in BALF(P<0.01),mainly dominated by eosinophils(P<0.01).Compared with group B,group C exhibited significantly reduced leukocyte count and eosinophil percentage in BALF(P<0.01).Pathology of lung tissue revealed that group A had basically normal bronchoalveolar structure,group B showed disorder of bronchial structure,bronchial wall thickening,and inflammatory cell infiltration,and group C showed alleviation compared with group B.Conclusion The young rat model of asthma can be established by RSV combined with OVA,which lays a foundation for further experimental study.