桥壳多轴向多激励虚拟试验系统研究

Multi-axial and multi-excitation virtual test system for axle housing

为提出一种多轴向多激励的桥壳试验方法,并为桥壳虚拟疲劳试验研究提供有效的输入手段。建立桥壳有限元模型并进行模态分析与模态试验,分析模态和试验模态不仅振型一致,而且各阶固有频率误差均<5%;在此基础上,采用模态综合法提取出桥壳柔性体文件;通过有限元柔性体文件替换法,建立了桥壳多轴向多激励的刚柔耦合虚拟试验系统,并基于简谐信号和随机信号进行系统仿真验证。基于道路模拟激励谱进行桥壳虚拟道路模拟仿真试验,并采用多轴向多激励道路模拟试验系统进行了试验验证,结果表明仿真与试验信号在幅值和趋势上具有较高的一致性,所建立的桥壳多轴向多激励虚拟试验系统具有较高的准确性,从而为桥壳设计验证和评价提供了一种高效准确的手段和方法。

Here,a multi-axial and multi-excitation test method was proposed,and an effective input method for virtual fatigue test of axle housing was provided.The finite element model of the axle housing was built,and its modal analysis and modal test were made.Their results agreed well with each other,the errors between first5order natural frequencies in modal analysis results and those in modal test were less than5%,and the modal vibration shapes in both results were coincident.Then,using the modal synthesis method,the axle housing’s flexible body file was extracted.Using the finite element flexible body file replacement method,the axle housing’s multi-axial and multi-excitation rigid-flexible coupled virtual test system was developed,and the system was verified through simulation based on inputting simple harmonic signals and random signals.Based on a road’s simulated excitation spectrum,the axle housing’s virtual road simulation test was performed,and the multi-axial and multi-excitation virtual test system was used to conduct the test verification.The results showed that the simulated signals are in better agreement with the tested ones in amplitude and trend;the established multi-axial and multi-excitation virtual test system for axle housing has a higher correctness;the results provide an efficient and accurate means for the design verification and evaluation of axle housings.