海上油田油气设施弃置方案研究

Scenario of facilities abandonment in offshore oil field

海上油气设施废弃后如不采取合理的处置措施,可能会对海洋环境造成重大危害,因此,弃置前应制订合理的施工方案。结合渤海某油田油气设施废弃实例,首先简要介绍了海上油田设施概况;而后较为详细论述了海上油田设施弃置原则、弃置方式选择、弃置流程、系统清洗、井口弃置、预调查和后调查及结构检测、海底管道弃置、平台拆除等内容,并对弃置平台使用浮吊的拆除设计、拆除过程设计、桩腿水下切割方式选择等进行较为深入的论证;最后指出,海上油气设施弃置为高风险作业,施工时应划出警戒区域,制订应急预案,减少交叉作业,做好安全保障措施。

Taking the oil and gas facilities abandonment in a certain Bohai offshore oilfield for example,this paper illustrates the abandonment principle,abandonment way selection,abandonment process flow,system cleaning,wellhead abandonment,pre-post investigation,structure inspection,marine pipeline abandonment,platform dismantlement,and discusses deeply on design of dismantling with a floating crane,dismantling procedures and underwater pile leg cutting way.Because of high operation risks in offshore oil and gas facilities abandonment,the following measures must be adopted:setting up alarm area in construction,preparing emergency plan,decreasing cross operations and doing security precautions well.