青海省生态需水量研究

Study on ecological water requirement of QingHai Province

采用Tennant法和90%保证率最枯月平均流量法计算了青海省各河流的生态基流,并计算了重要敏感区的生态需水量。结果表明:青海省除西北诸河流域中巴音河和格尔木河的生态基流占多年平均流量比例较高,其他分区各河流的生态基流占比均在10%～30%之间;青海省河流的河谷林草生态需水量为30.32亿m^3,青海湖、克鲁克湖和托素湖生态需水量为25.43亿m^3,重要水生生物生态需水量为21.23亿m^3,生态需水总量为76.98亿m^3。本研究可为青海省合理调配水资源、进行水生态保护与修复提供科学依据。

The ecological base flows of the rivers in Qinghai Province were calculated by Tennant method and 90%guaranteed rate method,and the sensitive ecological water requirements of important sensitive areas were calculated.There sults showed that the ecological base flow of each riveris 10%-30%of the average flow,in addition to the Bayin River and the Golmud River,which ecological base flow accounts for a higher proportion.The ecological water requirement of river valley,important lakes and aquatic organisms are 3.032 billion m^3,2.543 billion m^3,2.123 billion m^3 respectively,the total ecological water requirement is 7.698 billion m^3.The study results can provide scientific basis for rational allocation of water resources and protection and restoration of water ecology in Qinghai Province.