深圳龙华区某工厂外来女工生殖健康状况及影响因素分析

Study on the prevalence of gynecological diseases among the migrant women workers in a factory of Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳某工厂外来女工生殖系统患病状况及影响因素,为建立有效的外来女工保健运作模式提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法随机抽取2018年1月至6月某工厂全体女工作为研究对象,应用问卷调查法,调查外来女工的一般人口学特征、生殖保健相关知识和行为、生殖保健服务需求、常见病患病情况及健康状况。结果女工生殖系统疾病患病率为10.4%;患病前3位顺位为月经不调(2.22%)、阴道炎(2.16%)、痛经(1.62%)。Logistic回归分析显示,月经规律、工作时间短是其保护因素,OR值分别为0.377(95%CI0.262～0.544)和0.950(95%CI0.916～0.985),性行为是危险因素,OR值为6.148(95%CI3.740～10.108)。结论外来女工生殖健康状况不乐观,应建立有效健全的外来女工保健运作模式。

Objective To explore the prevalence of gynecological diseases among the migrant women workers in a factory of Shenzhen City,and to establish an effective maternal care mode for the migrant women workers.Methods By cluster sampling method,a factory of Shenzhen City from January 2018 to June 2018 were randomly selected in the study.All the women workers completed the investigation.Questionnaire was used to investigate the general demographic characteristics,reproductive health related knowledge and behavior,reproductive health service needs,common diseases and health status of female migrant workers.Results The prevalence of gynecological diseases in migrant women workers was 10.4%.The highest prevalence of disease was menstrual disorders(2.22%),followed by vaginitis(2.16%)and dysmenorrhea(1.62%).The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that menstrual regularity(OR=0.377,95%CI0.262-0.544),shorter working hours(OR=0.950,95% CI 0.916-0.985)might be protective factors of gynecological diseases,while sexual behavior might be a risk factor(OR=6.148,95%CI3.740-10.108).Conclusion The reproductive health status of migrant women workers is not optimistic,and an effective mechanism for the maternal care in the migrant women workers should be established to improve the reproductive health.