论曾巩具有儒者气质的语言特征

On Zeng Gong's Confucian Linguistic Characteristics

曾巩散文风格的形成与其语言艺术密切相关。肯定地说,没有散文语言质而雅、淡而腴的审美特征,就没有曾巩散文平正温雅的文风。曾巩散文语言的"质"体现在用最浅近、最朴素的文辞来表达思想,其散文语言的"雅"则体现在多取法儒家经典,多用经典中的语句或化用经典中的语句。曾巩散文语言的淡而腴体现在对字词句的斟酌和运用上,他还善于用平淡的记叙、议论表达深沉的感情。质而雅、淡而实腴最终来自思想的深刻,简淡的语言形式必然要求内容充实。因此,其语言质而雅、淡而腴的特点并不仅仅是审美情趣上的特点,从更深层面而言,它实质上具有道德规范和价值提升的意义,是儒学正统思想的折射,是儒者温文尔雅气质的外现。

Zeng Gong’s prose style is closely related to his linguistic art.Doubtlessly,without the esthetic characteristics of plainness,gracefulness,straightness,and fullness,there is hardly his smooth and elegant style.Plainness means using the simplest and easiest language to express thought;gracefulness is the result of applying classical expressions from Legalist and Confucian teachings.Zeng’s straightness and fullness are reflected in his deliberation in the choice of words and arrangement of sentences and in his employing plat narration and argumentation to convey deep feelings.All these characteristics originate from his profound thinking;plain language requires the content to be rich and full.Therefore,the characteristics not only have esthetic qualities but also,at depth,the significance of enhancing moral norms and values,reflecting the Confucian orthodoxy and being refined and cultured.