吞咽功能训练对老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的影响

The Training of Swallowing Function on Elderly Stroke Patients with Dysphagia

目的探讨吞咽功能训练对老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的应用效果。方法 2017年7-12月,便利抽样法选择于福建省某康复医院言语治疗部就诊的老年脑卒中患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为观察组(31例)与对照组(30例)。在常规药物治疗基础上,观察组在第1～4周接受吞咽功能训练与吞咽电刺激治疗,第5～8周仅接受吞咽功能训练;对照组在第1～4周接受吞咽电刺激治疗,第5～8周接受常规随访。分别在干预前、干预4周、干预8周后评价吞咽功能状况及疗效。结果干预4周后,观察组与对照组标准吞咽功能评价量表(standardized swallowing assessment,SSA)得分均低于干预前水平,且观察组得分低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预8周后,观察组与对照组SSA得分均低于干预4周后的得分,且观察组得分低于对照组,观察组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论吞咽功能训练可有效改善老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能。

Objective To explore the effect of swallowing function training on elderly stroke patients with dysphagia.Methods By convenience sampling method,61 elderly stroke patients with dysphagia were selected and randomized into an experimental group(n=31)and a control group(n=30).Patients in both groups received conventional drug therapy.The experimental group received swallowing electrical stimulation treatment from 1st to 4th weeks and swallowing function training from 5th to 8th weeks.While the control group received swallowing electrical stimulation treatment from 1st to 4th weeks and only regular follow-up visits from 5th to 8th weeks.The swallowing function and treatment efficacy were evaluated before the intervention,at 4th weeks and 8th weeks after the intervention,respectively.Results After 4 weeks,the score of Standardized Swallowing Assessment(SSA)in the two groups was lower than the baseline level,and the SSA score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After 8 weeks,the SSA scores in both groups were lower than those of 4 weeks after intervention;the SSA score in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group;the treatment efficacy in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The training of swallowing function could improve the swallowing function of elderly stroke patients with dysphagia.