论华兹华斯的生态思想

On Wordsworth's Ecological Thought

在华兹华斯生活的年代,生态学尚未出现,但在作者的文论和诗作中业已体现出朴素的生态思想。受个人童年经验的内在支配,以及19世纪泛神论思潮尤其是卢梭生态伦理观念的外在影响,华兹华斯不仅在作品中对自然有着独特的认知和表达,展现出对现代工业文明的抗拒和对人与自然关系的执着探寻,而且通过高扬回归自然的诗学理念对18世纪古典主义创作原则作出了重大颠覆,进而对浪漫主义文学的发展产生了不可磨灭的影响。

The word“ecology”still did not appear in the era of Wordsworth,but in the author’s literary theory and poetry,simple ecological thoughts have been shown.Childhood experience,pantheism in nineteenth century and Rousseau’s concept of ecological ethics were the main source of Wordsworth’s ecological thoughts,and the latter was especially important.Wordsworth had unique cognition and expression about nature in his works.He resisted modern industrial civilization and explored the relationship between man and nature.Moreover,he opposed the classical writing principles in the 18th century and advocated the poetic idea of returning to nature.He made a great contribution to the development of romantic literature.